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Federalist No. 51
Federalist No. 51, titled: ''The Structure of the Government Must Furnish the Proper Checks and Balances Between the Different Departments'', is an essay by James Madison, the fifty-first of ''The Federalist'' Papers. It was published on February 6, 1788, under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all ''The Federalist'' Papers were published. One of the most famous of ''The Federalist'' Papers, No. 51 addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government. One of its most important ideas is the often quoted phrase, "Ambition must be made to counteract ambition".
''The Federalist'' Papers, as a foundation text of constitutional interpretation, are frequently cited by American jurists. Of all the essays, No. 51 is the fourth most-cited.
==Purpose==
The purpose of No. 51 is, according to Madison, to inform the reader of the safeguards created by the convention to maintain the separate branches of government, and to protect the rights of the people and of the country.
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